1926.451(c) "Criteria for Supported Scaffolds"

Guys, ties, and braces shall be installed according to the scaffold manufacturer's recommendations or at the closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height and be repeated vertically at locations of horizontal members every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds 3 feet (0.91 m) wide or less, and every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds greater than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. The top guy, tie or brace of completed scaffolds shall be placed no further than the 4:1 height from the top. Such guys, ties and braces shall be installed at each end of the scaffold and at horizontal intervals not to exceed 30 feet (9.1 m) (measured from one end [not both] towards the other).

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OSHA has compiled all the scaffolding rules and standards to ensure that businesses, especially those in the construction line of work, establish safety protocols and protect their workers from harm. OSHA issued several key provisions that employers need to take note of when using scaffolds.

Here are the highlighted rules of OSHA&#;s scaffolding standard:

1. Fall protection

Employees that are more than 10 feet off the ground need to be protected by using fall arrest systems or guardrails, except for employees that are on single-point and two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds. These employees should be protected by using both guardrails and a personal fall arrest system.

2. Guardrail height

Guardrails are visible and physical barriers used for preventing falls from heights. The height of the scaffolds&#; toprail that was manufactured and used in service after January 1, should fall between 38 inches and 45 meters. Before this date, the scaffolding standard was 36 inches to 45 inches.

3. Cross bracing

Cross bracing is a technique in the construction industry whereas braces are crossed to support framed structures such as scaffoldings. Using this technique makes frames and structures sturdy and is able to support and hold heavy loads. As a standard, crosspoint of cross bracing used as a top rail should be between 38 inches and 48 inches above the work platform.

4. Midrails

Midrails are the middle bars in the rails of a scaffolding. It ensures that a worker does not fall through. This has to be installed approximately midway between the toprail and the platform surface. The crosspoint of cross bracing used as midrail should be between 20 inches and 30 inches above the work platform.

You can also find online checklists that you can use as guide in ensuring safe installation of midrails.

5. Footings

Scaffold footings have to be leveled and have the capacity to support the loaded scaffold. The legs, poles, frames, and other upright components should carry the weight off the base plates and mud sills.

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6. Platforms

OSHA requires that scaffold platforms should be fully planked or decked and have proper guardrails, midrails, and toe boards along its open sides. It should be regularly cleaned and properly cleated to prevent accidents caused by slipping off.

7. Guying ties and braces

Guys, ties, and braces are used to provide additional support for workers when using scaffoldings to prevent tipping. It should be installed according to the scaffold manufacturer&#;s recommendation or when the base reaches a height ratio of 4:1.

8. Capacity

This refers to the loading capacity of a scaffolding equipment. It is required that every scaffold and its components should be able to withstand support 4 times the maximum intended load without failure.

9. Training

OSHA requires employers to provide training for each employee involved in scaffolding work. The training should include:

• proper handling and use of the scaffold and the materials on it;
• hazards associated (e.g., electrical, fall, and falling objects) to the type of scaffold being used;
• methods of controlling and minimizing those hazards;
• maximum intended load and load-carrying capacities of scaffolds being used;
• And other relevant requirements for scaffoldings.

10. Inspections

It is required that a visual inspection be conducted by a competent person before the start of every shift and after conducting work. Identifying defects through regular inspections can help minimize and eliminate hazards that can affect the structural integrity of the scaffolding and threaten the safety of the worker and the workplace.

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