Difference between Broadband and Baseband Transmission

Broadband systems use modulation techniques to reduce the effect of noise in the environment. Broadband transmission employs multiple channel unidirectional transmission using a combination of phase and amplitude modulation. 

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Baseband is a digital signal transmitted on the medium using one of the signal codes like NRZ, RZ Manchester biphase-M code, etc. called baseband transmission. 

These are the following differences between Broadband and Baseband transmission. 

Baseband transmission:

1. Digital signaling.
2. Frequency division multiplexing is not possible.
3. Baseband is the bi-directional transmission.
4. A short-distance signal traveling.
5. The entire bandwidth is for single signal transmission.
6. Example: Ethernet is using Basebands for LAN.

Broadband transmission:

1. Analog signaling.
2. The transmission of data is unidirectional.
3. Signal traveling distance is long.
4. Frequency division multiplexing is possible.
5. Simultaneous transmission of multiple signals over different frequencies.
6. Example: Used to transmit cable TV to premises.

S. No Basis of Comparison Baseband Transmission Broadband Transmission 1. Type of Signal In baseband transmission, the type of signaling used is digital.  In broadband transmission, the type of signaling used is analog. 2. Direction Type Baseband Transmission is bidirectional in nature. Broadband Transmission is unidirectional in nature. 3. Signal Transmission The Signal can be sent in both directions. Sending of Signal in one direction only. 4. Distance covered by the signal Signals can only travel over short distances. For long distances, attenuation is required. Signals can be traveled over long distances without being attenuated. 5. Topology It works well with bus topology. It is used with a bus as well as tree topology. 6. Device used to increase signal strength Repeaters are used to enhance signal strength. Amplifiers are used to enhance signal strength. 7. Type of Multiplexing used It utilizes Time Division Multiplexing. It utilizes Frequency Division Multiplexing. 8. Encoding Techniques In baseband transmission, Manchester and Differential Manchester encoding are used. Only PSK encoding is used. 9. Transfer medium Twisted-pair cables, coaxial cables, and wires are used as a transfer medium for digital signals in baseband transmission.  Broadband signals were sent through optical fiber cables, coaxial cables, and radio waves. 10. Impedance Baseband transmission has a 50-ohm impedance.  Broadband transmission has a 70-ohm impedance.  11. Data Streams  It can only transfer one data stream at a time in bi-directional mode. It can send multiple signal waves at once but in one direction only. 12. Installation and Maintenance Baseband transmission is easy to install and maintain. Broadband transmission is difficult to install and maintain. 13. Cost This transmission is cheaper to design. This transmission is expensive to design. 14. Application Typically seen in Ethernet LAN networks.  Typically found in cable and networks. 15. Frequency In this, capacity of frequency is less than 100 kHz. In this, capacity of frequency is higher than 100 kHz. 16. Suitable for It is best for wired networks. It is best for non-wired networks. 17. Structure The structure is very simple, and no special hardware is required. The structure is complex as it needs unique hardware.

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Namrata Bisht

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Electronic data in their original form. Baseband refers to analog or digital data before being intermixed with other data. See multiplexing and modulation.

Examples

The output of an analog microphone is baseband because it is only voice frequencies. When an FM station's carrier frequency in the receiving radio is stripped away (demodulated), the original audio signal that one hears is the baseband signal. See frequency modulation and carrier frequency.

Ethernet transmission is considered baseband, because signals are not intermixed and occupy the full bandwidth of the line. In fact, "base" is part of the Ethernet version name (see 10Base-T and 100Base-T).

Decompress to Baseband

When a compressed digital signal such as MP3 is transcoded to another audio format, it is first decompressed back to the original bit rate (baseband signal) before it is compressed into the new format; for an example, see aptX. See baseband processor.

Baseband Video

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